Chinese Cooking Terms & Ingredients

1. 味精 ~ Monosodium glutamate (MSG)
2. 醋 ~ Vinegar
3. 白醋(工研醋) ~ Rice vinegar
4. 白醋 ~ White vinegar (西洋料理用的)
5. 烏醋 ~ Black vinggar
6. 酱油 ~ Soy sauce
7. 蚝油 ~ Oyster sauce
8. 麻油 ~ Sesame oil
9. 白酒 ~ White spirits
10. 加饭酒 ~ Rice wine
11. 桂花酒 ~ Osmanthus-flavored wine
12. 芝麻酱 ~ Sesame paste
13. 辣椒醬 ~ Chili sauce
14. 沙荼醬 ~ Chinese barbecue sauce
15. 南乳 ~ Fermented red beancurd
16. 薑粉 ~ Ginger powder
17. 调味蕃茄醬 ~ Ketchup
18. 蕃茄醬 ~ Tomato sauce (普通甜的)
19. 蕃茄醬 ~ Tomato paste (義大利料理用的)
20. 豆辦醬 ~ Chili soybean paste
21. XO醬 ~ XO sauce
22. 豆豉 ~ Salted black bean
23. 薏米 ~ Pearl barley
24. 西贾米 ~ Sago
25. 沙莪粒/西米/小茨丸 ~ Pearl sago/Pearl tapioca
26. 紅豆沙/烏豆沙 ~ Red bean paste
27. 綠豆片 ~ Split mung bean
28. 芝麻 ~ Sesame Seeds
29. 蓮子 ~ Lotus seed
30. 蓮蓉 ~ Lotus seed paste
31. 栗蓉 ~ Chestnut puree / Chestnut paste
32. 蜜棗 ~ Preserved red dates
33. 紅棗 ~ Chinese red dates
34. 棗泥 ~ Red date paste
35. 百合 ~ Dried lily bulb
36. 金针 ~ Tiger lily buds
37. 陳皮 ~ Dried orange peel/Dried tangerine peel
38. 豆腐 ~ Tofu
39. 腐竹 ~ Dried beancurd sticks
40. 腐皮 ~ Beancurd sheet
41. 酸菜 ~ Pickled mustard-green
42. 蒸山芋 ~ Steamed sweet potatoes
43. 咸黄瓜 ~ Salted cucumber
44. 脱水蒜粒 ~ Dehydrated garlic granules
45. 冬菇 ~ Dried black mushroom
46. 木耳 ~ Fungus
47. 黑木耳 ~ Black fungus / Dried black fungus
48. 海带 ~ Kelp
49. 燒海苔 ~ Toasted nori seaweed / Toasted seaweed sushi nori
50. 板海苔 ~ Nori seaweed / Dried sea laver
51. 燕菜 ~ Agar-agar
52. 蝦米 ~ Dried shrimp
53. 鱼干 ~ Dried fish
54. 鹹蛋黃 ~ Salted egg yolk
55. 皮蛋（糖心/ 硬心）~ Preserved duck eggs (soft and hard yolk)
56. 咸鸭蛋 ~ Salted duck eggs
57. 牛肉粒 ~ Dried beef cubes
58. 牛肉片 ~ Dried beef sliced
59. 猪肉松 ~ Dried pork floss
60. 腊鸭 ~ Preserved duck
61. 鸭肫干~ Preserved duck gizzard
62. 烤鸭 ~ Roasted duck
63. 方便面 ~ Instant noodles
64. 面条 ~ Egg noodles
65. 米粉 ~ Rice noodle
66. 粉丝 ~ Cellophane noodle
67. 餛鈍皮 ~ Wonton wrapper/Wonton skins
68. 水餃皮 ~ Dumpling wrapper / Dumpling skins /Gyoza wrapper
69. 春捲皮 ~ Spring roll wrapper /Egg roll wrapper

Contributed by MissyLing from SMH forum, edited by Jaslovesfood

Chinese Baking Terms - Bread, Cake & Cookie

麵包, 蛋糕, 餅干

1. 麵包/麵飽 ~ Bread
2. 土司麵包/吐司 ~ Toast
3. 法式吐司 ~ French toast
4. 裸麥麵包 ~ Rye bread
5. 派/批 ~ Pie
6. 塔/撻 ~ Tart
7. 凍派/凍批 ~ Cream pie
8. 蛋塔 ~ Egg tart / Custard tart
9. 法式蛋塔 ~ Quiche lorraine
10. 戚風蛋糕 ~ Chiffon cake
11. 海綿蛋糕 ~ Sponge cake
12. 泡芙 ~ Choux pastry/ Puff
13. 瑪琳/焗蛋泡 ~ Meringue
14. 蛋蜜乳 ~ Eggnog
15. 可麗餅 ~ Crepe
16. 煎餅/熱餅/薄烤餅 ~ Pancake
17. 厚鬆餅 ~ Pikelet / Hotcake / Waffles
18. 墨西哥麵餅 ~ Tortillas
19. 曲奇 ~ Cookies
20. 慕斯/慕思 ~ Mousse
21. 布甸/布丁 ~ Pudding
22. 司康/比司吉 ~ Scones
23. 舒芙蕾 ~ Souffles
24. 洋芋塊 ~ Hash brown
25. 英式鬆餅/瑪芬麵包 ~ English muffin
26. 鬆糕/瑪芬 ~ American muffin　
27. 格子鬆餅 ~ Waffle
28. 手指餅乾 ~ Sponge fingers / Ladyfingers / Savoiardi (義大利名)
29. 蘇打餅干 ~ Saltine crackers
30. 威化餅乾 ~ Wafer biscult

Contributed by MissyLing of SMH forum, edited by Jaslovesfood

Chinese Baking Terms - Dried Fruits & Nuts

干果,果脯

1. 腰子豆/腰果/腰果仁/介壽果 ~ Cashew nut
2. 花生 ~ Peanut
3. 瓜子/南瓜子 ~ Pepitas /Dried pumpkin seeds
4. 崧子/松子仁 ~ Pine nut
5. 栗子 ~ Chestnut
6. 干粟子 ~ Dried chestuts
7. 核桃/核桃仁/合桃/胡桃 ~ Walnut
8. 杏仁/杏仁片/扁桃 ~ Almond
9. 北杏/苦杏仁 ~ Apricot kernel / Chinese almond / Bitter almond
10. 南杏 ~ Apricot kernel
11. 榛果/榛仁 ~ Hazelnut / Filbert / Cobnut
12. 開心果/阿月渾子 ~ Pistachio
13. 堅果/澳洲堅果/夏威夷果/澳洲胡桃/澳洲栗/澳洲核桃/昆士蘭龍眼/昆士蘭栗 ~ Macadamia / California nut
14. 山胡桃/胡桃 ~ Pecan
15. 石鼓仔/馬加拉/油桐子 ~ Candlenut / Buah keras (in Malay)
16. 白果/銀杏 ~ Ginkgo nut
17. 罌粟子 ~ Poppy seed
18. 亞答子 ~ Atap seed
19. 乾椰絲 ~ Dessicated coconut
20. 龍眼乾/龍眼肉/桂圓/圓肉 ~ Dried longan
21. 葡萄乾 ~ Raisin / Dried currant
22. 無花果乾 ~ Dried fig
23. 柿餅 ~ Dried persimmon
24. 桃脯 ~ Dried peach
25. 杏脯 ~ Dried apricot
26. 蘋果脯/蘋果乾 ~ Dried apple
27. 蜜漬櫻桃/露桃/車梨子 ~ Glace cherry/Candied cherry
28. 蜜漬鳳梨 ~ Glace pineapple/Candied pineapple
29. 糖水批把 ~ Loquats in syrup
30. 杏子酱 ~ Apricot jam
32. 杏桃果膠 ~ Apricot glaze
33. 水蜜桃罐頭 ~ Peaches in syrup
34. 切片水蜜桃罐頭 ~ Sliced peaches in syrup
35. 綜合水果罐頭 ~ Cocktail fruit in syrup　

Contributed by MissyLing from SMH forum, edited by Jaslovesfood

Chinese Baking Terms - Flavourings

调味品

1. 抹荼粉 ~ Green tea powder
2. 馬蹄粉 ~ Water chestnut flour
3. 葛粉 ~ Arrowroot flour
4. 杏仁粉 ~ Almond flour/Almond meal /Ground Almond
5. 海苔粉 ~ Ground seaweed
6. 涼粉/仙草 ~ Grass jelly
7. 椰絲/椰茸/椰子粉 ~ Desiccated coconut/Shredded coconut
8. 果子凍/果凍粉/啫喱 ~ Jelly
9. 魚膠粉/吉利丁/明膠 ~ Gelatine sheets/Powdered gelatine　
10. 大菜/大菜絲/菜燕/燕菜精/洋菜/洋菜粉/瓊脂 ~ Agar powder
11. 白礬 ~ Alum
12. 硼砂 ~ Borax
13. 石膏 ~ Gypsum
14. 鹼水/(木見)水/ 碳酸钾 ~ Alkaline water/Lye water/Potassium carbonate
15. 食用色素 Food colouring
16. 香草豆/香草莢/香草片/香子蘭莢 ~ Vanilla bean/Vanilla pod
17. 香草精/雲尼拉香精/凡尼拉香精 ~ Vanilla extract/Vanilla essence
18. 香草粉 ~ Vanilla powder
19. 班蘭粉/香蘭粉 ~ Ground pandan/Ground screwpine leaves/Serbok daun pandan (in Malay)
20. 班蘭精/香蘭精 ~ Pandan paste/Pasta pandan
21. 玫瑰露/玫瑰露精 ~ Rosewater/Rosewater essence
22. 皮屑 ~ Grated zest/Grated rind

Contributed by MissyLing of SMH Forum, edited by Jaslovesfood

Chinese Baking Terms - Types of Sugar

糖类

1. 黑蔗糖漿/糖蜜/甘蔗糖蜜 ~ Molasses
2. 金黃糖漿 ~ Golden syrup
3. 楓糖漿/楓樹糖漿/楓糖 ~ Maple syrup
4. 玉米糖漿 ~ Corn syrup/Karo syrup
5. 葡萄糖漿 ~ Glucose syrup
6. 麥芽糖漿 ~ Barley malt syrup/Malt syrup
7. 麥芽糖 ~ Maltose/Malt sugar
8. 焦糖 ~ Caramel
9. 果糖 ~ Fructos
10. 乳糖 ~ Lactose
11. 轉化糖 ~ Invert sugar
12. 日式糙米糖漿 ~ Amazake
13. 綿花糖霜 ~ Marshmallow cream
14. 冰糖 ~ Rock sugar
15. 椰糖/爪哇紅糖 ~ Palm sugar/Gula malacca (in Malay)
16. 黃砂糖 ~ Brown sugar
17. 紅糖/黑糖 ~ Dark brown sugar
18. 粗糖/黑砂糖 ~ Muscovado sugar
19. 金砂糖 ~ Demerara sugar
20. 原蔗糖 ~ Raw sugar/Raw cane sugar/Unrefined cane sugar
21. 白砂糖/粗砂糖 ~ White sugar/Refined sugar/Refined cane sugar/Coarse granulated sugar
22. 細砂糖/幼砂糖/幼糖 ~ Castor sugar /Caster sugar（适用于做糕点）
23. 糖份混合物 ~ Icing sugar mixture
24. 糖粉 ~ Icing sugar/confectioners’ sugar
25. 糖霜/點綴霜 ~ Icing/frosting/Snow powder
26. 蜜葉糖/甜葉菊 ~ Stevia/honey leaf
27. 代糖/阿斯巴甜 ~ Aspartame/Artificial sweetener/Sugar substitute
28. 什色糖珠 ~ Coloured sugar pearls
29. 巧克力米/朱古力米 ~ Chocolate vermicelli
30. 巧克力削/朱古力削 ~ Chocolate curls
31. 巧克力珠/朱古力珠 ~ Chocolate bits/Chocolate chips
32. 耐烤巧克力豆 ~ Choc bits (澳洲的英文名) / Chocolate chips (美國、加拿大的英文名)

Contributed by MissyLing of SMH forum, edited by Jaslovesfood

Chinese Baking Terms - Types of Flour

面粉类

1. 麵粉/中筋麵粉 ~ Plain flour /All-purpose flour
2. 低筋麵粉/低根粉 ~ Cake flour/ Soft flour /Weak flour /Low protein flour
3. 高筋麵粉/筋麵/根麵/高根粉 ~ Gluten flour /Strong flour /Bread flour /Baker’s flour /High protein flour
4. 雜糧預拌粉 ~ Multi-grain flour
5. 小麦面粉 ~ Whole meal flour
6. 全麥麵粉 ~ Whole wheat flour
7. 澄麵粉/澄粉/澄麵 ~ Non-glutinous flour / Wheat flour /Wheat starch
8. 自發麵粉 ~ Self- raising flour
9. 粗玉米豆粉 ~ Polenta / Yellow cornmeal
10. 粟粉/粟米粉/玉米粉/玉米澱粉/太白粉 ~ Corn flour /Cornstarch
11. 生粉/太白粉/地瓜粉 ~ Potato starch / Potato flour
12. 樹薯粉/木薯粉/茨粉/菱粉/泰國生粉/太白粉/地瓜粉 ~ Tapioca starch /Tapioca flour
13. 蕃薯粉/地瓜粉 ~ Sweet potato flour
14. 臭粉/胺粉/阿摩尼亞粉/嗅粉 ~ Powdered baking ammonia /Carbonate of ammonia /Ammonia bicarbonate /Ammonia carbonate /Hartshorn
15. 發粉/泡打粉/泡大粉/速發粉/蛋糕發粉 ~ Baking powder
16. 蘇打粉/小蘇打/梳打粉/小梳打/食粉/重曹 ~ Baking soda /Bicarbonate of soda
17. 塔塔粉/他他粉 ~ Cream of tartar
18. 卡士達粉/蛋黃粉/吉士粉/吉時粉 ~ Custard powder
19. 卡士達/克林姆/奶皇餡/蛋奶餡 ~ Custard /Pastry cream
20. 蛋白粉 ~ Egg white powder
21. 粘米粉/黏米粉/在來米粉/在萊米粉/再來米粉 ~ Rice flour
22. 糕仔粉 ~ Cooked rice flour
23. 糯米粉 ~ Glutinous rice flour /Sweet rice flour
24. 鳳片粉/熟糯米粉/糕粉/加工糕粉 ~ Fried sweet rice flour /Fried glutinous rice flour
25. 綠豆粉 ~ Mung bean flour / tepung hun kwee (in Malay)
26. 小麥胚芽/麥芽粉 ~ Wheat germ
27. 小麥蛋白/麵筋粉 ~ Wheat gluten
28. 酵母/酒餅 ~ Yeast/Ibu roti (in Malay)
29. 麵包糠/麵包屑 ~ Breadcrumbs

Contributed by MissyLing of SMH forum, edited by Jaslovesfood

Chinese Baking Terms - Butter n Cream

牛油奶油

1. 牛油/奶油 ~ Butter
2. 軟化牛油 ~ Soft butter
3. 瑪珈琳/瑪琪琳/乳瑪琳/雅瑪琳/人造奶油/菜油 ~ Margarine
4. 起酥油/起酥瑪琪琳 ~ Pastry margarine / Oleo margarine
5. 豬油/白油/大油/板油 ~ Lard /Cooking fat
6. 酥油/雪白奶油 ~ Shortening
7. 硬化椰子油 ~ Copha
8. 椰油 ~ Creamed Coconut
9. 烤油 ~ Dripping
10. 牛油忌廉 ~ Butter cream
11. 淡忌廉 ~ Light cream/Coffee cream/Table cream
12. 鮮奶油/忌廉/鮮忌廉 ~ Cream/Whipping cream
13. 包括﹕1 Light whipping cream
14. 2 Heavy whipping cream/Heavy cream/Thickened cream
15. 3 Double cream/Pure cream
16. 酸奶油/酸忌廉/酸奶酪/酸乳酪 ~ Sour cream
17. 酸奶 ~ Butter milk
18. 牛奶/鮮奶/鮮乳 ~ Milk
19. 奶粉 ~ Powdered milk / Milk powder
20. 花奶/淡奶/奶水/蒸發奶/蒸發奶水 ~ Evaporated milk
21. 煉奶 ~ Condensed milk/Sweetened condensed milk
22. 起士/起司/芝士/乳酪/奶酪/乾酪/乳餅 ~ Cheese
23. 起司粉 ~ Powdered cheese
24. 奶油起司/芝士忌廉/奶油乳酪/凝脂乳酪 ~ Cream cheese
25. 瑪斯卡波尼起司/馬司卡膨起司/馬斯卡波涅起司/義大利乳酪 ~ Mascarpone cheese
26. 優格/乳果/酸奶/酸乳酪 ~ Yoghurt
27. 優酪乳 ~ Yoghurt drink/drinking yoghurt

Contributed by MissyLing of SMH forum, edited by Jaslovesfood